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人教版新教材——Unit 3 My School  语法焦点

*方位介词及短语

*there be 句型

一，表示方位的介词及短语

1.  in front of 和 in the front of

in front of “表示在… 的前面”，一般不在该范围内:

There  is a tall tree  in front of our classroom. (位于教室外部的前面)

in the front of “表示在… 之内的前部”，在该范围内:

There  is a blackboard  in the front of our classroom.(位于教室内)

2.  in, on, to

in “表示在事物环境范围内”

Shanghai  is  in the east of China.(上海在中国范围之内,用 in)

on”指与事物毗邻”

Korea  is on the northeast of China.(朝鲜和中国毗邻，用 on)

to”指在事物环境范围之外”

Japan lies to the east of China.(日本位于中国范围之外，用 to)

3. on,  in

on ”表示在某物的表面上，以及树上长的事物”:

There  is a modern painting on the wall.

There are lots of bananas on the tree.

in ”表示占去某物内部的一部分，以及停在树上的外来的事物”

There  is a hole  in the wall.

There are lots of birds singing  in the tree.

4. on, under

on 指 “在上面”，两物体表面接触:

There  is a plate on the table.

Look！What’s that on the floor?

under 表示 “在…… 正下方”

There are many bikes under the tree .

We can see an old soccer under his bed.

5. behind   “表示位置在…… 后”

There  is a desk behind the door.

6. next to ”紧挨着”

My desk  is next to my best friend’s desk.

7. across from “在……对面”

Her school  is across from her home .

8. between… and… ”两者之间或两两之间”

Tom sits between Mary and me .

二，there be 句型

表示”人或事物的存在”或”某地有某物”。

There 在此结构中是引导词，已经没有副词“那里”的含义。

(1). There be 句型的常用结构：

①一般现在时：There  is/are+sbhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/sth.

There  is a book on the table.

②一般过去时：There was/were+sbhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/sth.

There was an old house by the river five years ago.

③一般将来时：There will be(is/are going to be)+sbhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/sth.

There will be a hospital  in our neighborhood.

There  is going to be a meeting tonight.

④与情态动词连用：There+情态动词+be+sbhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/sth.

There must be someone playing the piano.

(2). There be 句型的句式变化：

①否定句：在 be 动词后面加 not

There  isn’t any milk  in the box.

②一般疑问句：把 be 动词提前

Are there many kids playing  in the park on weekends?

Yes, there are .       No, there aren’t.

*注意：there be  句型中含有助动词或情态动词时，变否定句在助动词或情态动词后加 not；变一

般疑问句时，把助动词或情态动词提前。

例如：There can’t be anyone  in the reading room .

There won’t be a basketball match this afternoon .

Is there going to be a party tomorrow?

(3). There be 句型遵循“就近原则”：句中的 be  与后面离它最近的名词在数上必须一致。

There  is a book and three pens on the desk.

There are three pens and a book on the desk.

(4).  表示“有某人/某物在做某事”用 there be sbhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/sth. doing. . .

There are many kids playing  in the park on weekends.